The Last Kamikaze Essays - World War II, Imperial Japanese Navy

The Last Kamikaze The Last Kamikaze. Edwin P. Hoyt. Praeger Publishers, 1993. Pp.xvi, 235. The Last Kamikaze is a book composed by very much perceived military history specialist Edwin P. Hoyt about Matome Ugaki, a Vice Admiral in the Japanese Imperial Navy during World War II. The book accounts the journal of Ugaki from planning for the assault on Pearl Harbor to his last self destruction crucial 1945. Utilizing his own style of part-account, part-historiography, Hoyt intermixes applies from Ugaki's journal with his own appraisals of what was occurring in the war. The focal topic of the book the devotion Ugaki has for the Japanese Imperial Navy. Various instances of Ugaki's assurance to be 100% faithful to Japan and to the reason for war are appeared all through the book. Ugaki's commitment to the Japanese Imperial Navy, the steady battles of Japanese Navy against the Allies, and Ugaki's craving to bite the dust for the reason for the war are for the most part primary concerns that Hoyt shows completely through the book. The Last Kamikaze starts with the arranging of the Pearl Harbor shelling by the Japanese. The arranging of the assault had taken close to 12 months to make and it was an exhausting time for high-positioning Japanese authorities. One man imparticular, Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto, needed Japan to remain as distant as conceivable from U.S. furthermore, Great Britain military endeavors. Yamamoto was Ugaki's Chief of Staff and closest companion. The two bantered at extraordinary lengths all through the war what they felt was the best possible move Japan ought to make. It is here that Hoyt shows of Ugaki's dedication to the Japanese Imperial Navy. When in 1940 the administration of Japan had pronounced their strategy of war with the West, Ugaki was wary. He and Yamamoto addressed how Japan would contend with the U.S's. and Great Britain's normal assets. Hoyt fights that Ugaki's steadfastness is best observed here. Ugaki realized that Japan had minimal possibility of overcoming the Allies in t he war, particularly in a war that would last in excess of a couple of months. In any case, he, being a dependable dependent upon the Emperor, acknowledged the demand and from the earliest starting point held the view that he was going to kick the bucket for the reason for war. Hoyt's most grounded conflict all through the book is Ugaki's ability to serve the Japanese naval force to his best capacity and this is obvious from the earliest starting point. When taking a gander at The Last Kamikaze's qualities and shortcomings, it is clear the qualities certainly exceed the shortcomings. A significant quality of the book is all around point by point data given by Hoyt. This is to a limited extent to the capacity of Hoyt to take Ugaki's journal and fuse it into definitely known realities about Japan's Naval association during WW II. Hoyt experiences Ugaki's perspective, arranging endeavors, execution of requests, and his last response to the occasions that happen. The peruser realizes what Ugaki is feeling and thinking consistently during the book. Another quality of the book is the comprehensibility. The Last Kamikaze is composed by a military history specialist, which can be trying to peruse. Notwithstanding, Hoyt utilizes words and expressions that are straightforward and the peruser can tracking with the story Hoyt is telling. The book turns out to be even more clear to the peruser when Hoyt joins photos of the key occasions througho ut Ugaki's life. Photos of his family, military pilots and planes, and his plane he rode to death in his last kamikaze strategic a special visualization that upgrades the nature of the book. A last quality of The Last Kamikaze is manner by which composes Ugaki's life. He isolates the book into segments of Ugaki's life starting with the arranging of Pearl Harbor to the association of Japan in the war to the loss of Admiral Yamamoto lastly to the last kamikaze crucial. Hoyt works admirably in catching the significant phases of Ugaki's life. The one significant shortcoming that was apparent in the book is the degree to which Hoyt broadly expounds on insignificant data. As before referenced as quality, the definite data can get repetitive on occasion where not as much point by point is required. A case of this can be discovered when Hoyt takes the peruser through a

Partition of Bengal free essay sample

PartitionofBengalPartitiobengal of bengol 1903: - bengal was the hot bed for progressive movement - bengal joined its power,divied will pull in various manners 1904: - L. Curzor took surway of bengal. Requirement FOR PARTITION/UNOFFICAIL REASON - control the uprising of the rising intensity of bengal - muslim would invite this activity - isolate the solidarity of muslim and hindu Oficial reason - it was to enormous region ( consited of bihar, orisa and bengal)mention populace with region of bengal - it was authoritatively starved ( it had less police stations,unversities were at far distance)and it had just a single emissary for its adminstration. sixteenth oct 1905 - hostile to segment act wana bhana day - raksbandhan dat - dark day (dismal day) - morning day Programs Dissent meeting - tunes of rabindranath tagore(amar sona bangla) trademarks by bankim chandra chaterji ( vande mataram ) - picketing of shops(curfew) 4point programe a. swadeshi and blacklist b. national training c. massmovement d. swaraj LEADERS IN SUPPORT OF ANTI PARTION MOVEMENT - Bal gangadher tilak(maharastra) - SURENDRA NATH BANNERJI - Lala lajpat Rai(Punjab) Programes of swadeshi and blacklist - bengolies felt embarrassed, cheated and offended - which means of - gt;Boycott - social blacklist of individuals who sold or purchase english merchandise. We will compose a custom paper test on Parcel of Bengal or on the other hand any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page - blacklist of suger, salt and fabric renunciation of gov. posts - renunciation of english speaches (not communicating in english) - gt;swadeshi meaning - advance indian industries(how? ) entusiasm Tata steel and iron began Textil plants got set up Soap and match industrial facilities got arrangement p. c. beam bengal substance enterprises began steam ships venture banks and co-agents set up what did the individuals do to make s b achievement a. All class of individuals joined b. English products were scorched c. Understudies would not utilize paper d. Ladies participeted in picketing shops(stop selling of english products) e. Day break society set up f. Zamindars stoped marvadies from purchasing merchandise from manchester g. Ministers didn't acknowledge any products from english h. Blacklist functions( services which requires english products were prohibited British represive approaches 1. Lathi charge 2. captured 3. baned meeting and trademarks 4. ousted leaders(sent to far of detainment facilities like kala pani in nicobar) 5. halted award in-help to schoold andcolleges(british quit giving finential help to gov. schools and colleges IMPACT OF PARTITION OF BENGAL 1)Muslims turned brutal consumed hindu shops 2)Growth of radicalism psychological warfare 3)cult of bomb(started utilizing bombs as to demonstrate them self predominant then hindus) 4)all india character (leaders,women,children all took an interest) Effect of Swadeshi and blacklist development 1)Vigour (power) to patriotism and enthusiasm 2)urge to set up national training eg ,shantiniketan 3)increase in artistic and culture exercises 4)impetusstimulus( development) of indigeneous businesses (like tata,pcray synthetic enterprises) 5)split in congress in 1907 at surat Reasons a)over the topic of methods(S b) - moderates needed swadeshi and blacklist development to be kept uniquely in bangal fanatic needed to partice all through the nation b)over presidentship of the congress - moderates needed Rosh Behari Bose - radical needed Lala Lajpat Rai

The Adventures of Comic Artist Girl (+ Doodles!)

The Adventures of Comic Artist Girl (+ Doodles!) This week was a four-day week, which made it extremely weird. It seemed to be a consensus among a bunch of people I talked to that this was a bummer week, and my days were punctuated with a lot of downs. But something really, really rad also happened this week, and I want to tell you about that instead. To introduce the rad thing, I present to you Exhibit A: the sweet flyer that lured me into taking one of my current classes. Yes, this semester MIT has a class specifically on comic writing! (And thankfully the flyer does a great job of answering the most common question I get about the class: no, you do not have to draw your comics. Can you imagine how much time that would take?) As far as I know, this is the first time comics class has been offered; up until this semester 21W.758 was a class that covered a multitude of genres but stuck to the realm of prose. As it exists now, 21W.758 (or MIT.616, as our mailing list is namedâ€"spot the reference?) is a cozy nine-person comics writing workshop, which is the perfect size. Funnily enough, I’m actually taking the class with Ceri R. ’16, two people who live on my floor in Simmons, and one person from my a cappella group. Sometimes the world is strange and small. Comics class is taught by Marjorie Liu, a prolific (New York Times bestselling!) novelist who’s also written comics for Marvel (Dark Wolverine, Astonishing X-Men, Black Widow) and is slowly and gently acclimating us to the world of comic writing. She spent the first part of the class getting us comfortable with writing comic scripts, which are a new medium for pretty much all of us. Most recently, we’ve been considering basic storytelling questions: characterization, plot, sources of conflict. Next week, we move on to worldbuilding. As part of the storytelling/conflict unit, we read Friends With Boys, a graphic novel by (Eisner Award winning!) writer and artist Faith Erin Hicks about a girl who is making the transition from homeschool to high school while dealing with some family frictionâ€"and being haunted. When we discussed Friends With Boys in comics class a few weeks ago, we focused mainly on how Faith Erin Hicks developed her characters, and how plot conflicts, large and small, grew from them (and not the other way around, shoehorning in plot to create conflict). She balances a number of characters with different personalities in a way that feels natural, and much about those characters is communicated in total silence, through art alone. This week, Faith Erin Hicks came down from Halifax, Nova Scotia(, Canada) to talk to us about her process as a writer and artist. Internet, Faith Erin Hicks is so cool. A self-portrait of Faith Erin Hicks, from her website. Faith spoke to us for about an hour, and then we had another hour or so to ask her questions. She told us how to get good at drawing comics, which is: just start!! Just draw comics. Just draw lots of comics. She drew a webcomic (Demonology 101) for five yearsâ€"700 pagesâ€"and showed us, for comparison, her first comics page and one of the pages she drew toward the end.   The first image is a redraw of her first first page, but it’s still about three years older than the second image. For those of you who think your college major locks you into a set career path: Faith studied animation and worked full time in animation. She transitioned to comics by deciding, after drawing Demonology 101, that was a thing she wanted to do more and then sort of throwing herself at it. She published her first book, Zombies Calling, in 2007, and then another, and eventually got connected with First Second, Macmillan’s comics publishing division. And now she does comics for her job! How cool is that? Just the concept of devoting yourself to something you love and making a living doing it full time seems like the ultimate dream. Anyway, Faith won her Eisner for her comic The Adventures of Superhero Girl, which was published by Dark Horse in 2013. She’s done other projects, like a comic prequel to video game The Last of Us, and is now working on a fantasy trilogy, The Nameless City. Faith talked to us about her processâ€"writing, thumbnailing, sketching (she recently transitioned to digital sketching), inking (traditional). She cranks out a page per day, and works for twelve hours (with a break for dinner). Sometimes she writes her own story, and sometimes she illustrates other people’s scripts. She tends to vary her style a little for each book depending on the genre and intended audience. Comics class is not about drawing so much as writing, but Faith did also gave us a few artist tips. One of them was “use references,” and since I’m a compulsive doodler who takes things too literally, I used her as a reference, and sketched her while she spoke. I inked the sketches later. I think they turned out okay. She had such neat hair! After Faith fielded questions about her influences, the publishing process, what she likes in comic scripts, her drawing tools, and just about everything else, the class went on break, and she signed our copies of Friends With Boys. It’s Lucy! The main thing that Faith impressed upon meâ€"and most of us, I thinkâ€"was that if you want to do comics, just start doing comics. She said webcomics and Tumblr were good places to go, even though there are now so many stellar artists out there and that can be intimidating. Putting work online is an easy way to build up a portfolio, have work to reference later, and maybe even get a few people following you. That piece of advice stuck with me, and I carried it around through the end of the week. When I was in high school, I almost started a webcomic. (It was about two high school girls with no special powers who try to be superheroes and find themselves in over their heads.) I drew about five pages before realizing that, between AP and IB classes and extracurriculars and looming college applications, I’d have no time to actually see it through. So I put that dream, and any really serious attempts at drawing, off to the side. But with comics class happening and the encouragement we’re getting from Marjorie and Faith, that old dream is nibbling away at me again. I realize that I do have a story I’d like to tell via webcomicâ€"blossoming out from one of the scripts I wrote for the class, actuallyâ€"and that I have IAP to start, if I want, since I’ll be taking a break from ThesisNovel then. But I should start, sooner rather than later. Saturday night was an extremely low night, but instead of wallowing in that extreme lowness or doing something I’d regret later (like eating an entire jar of Nutella in one sitting, which has been known to happen when I am sad), I remembered the advice to just go for it. Just draw. And that’s what I did. I sketched, and I inked.   Potential characters from potential webcomic??? I’m not happy with my drawing skills yet (is anyone ever happy with their drawing skills?), but they’re definitely better than they were just last year. I’ll keep doodling, maybe even dust off the tablet I got a few years ago, and see what happens. But the advice to just start drawing already helped me out in a neat little way, and I’m not the only one who was inspired. Just by talking to other people in the class, it’s obvious that people are motivated to strike out into the strange new world of comics on the Internet. We all have ideas. Ada T. ’16 and I are already planning on going halfsies on a pack of Col-Erase colored pencils (which Faith used when she sketched traditionally). At this rate, I wouldn’t be surprised if Marjorie’s class becomes a veritable webcomic factory. And if it does? All the better. These days, there’s plenty of room for all kinds of stories to be told. Faith Erin Hicks has a website! Check it out, read her stuff. Shes also followable on Twitter and Tumblr. While youre at it, also check out  Marjories website. If you have any questions, comments, or concerns, I can be found on Twitter too. c:

Philosophy and Happiness - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 811 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2019/05/07 Category Society Essay Level High school Topics: Happiness Essay Did you like this example? Many great philosophers have written about the idea of happiness and what it means to the world. Happiness is a word that most people have heard at least once in their lifetime, but every person tends to have a different definition of happiness. Some believe the key to happiness is through wealth and having money to do whatever they want. Others believe happiness comes from being around loved ones like friends and family. However, in order to dive deeper into the concept of happiness, there are two philosophers who have taken it to a whole new level. One such philosopher is Aristotle, the father of western philosophy. In his writings of Nicomachean Ethics, Aristotle goes into great detail about what happiness really means. He states that those that are vulgar seek pleasure for happiness, and that pleasure is not really what happiness is about. Happiness, to Aristotle, is that which is chosen for itself. It is the end result of everything that is done in ones life to achiev e a total completeness at the end that is, in his understanding, happiness. The paths of pleasure, money, and fame are merely the pathways to happiness in Aristotles mind and in order to seek happiness, one must live their life in order to achieve virtue, which will, in the end result, achieve happiness. Happiness isnt something that can be gained or lost at a moments notice. So to Aristotle, happiness is a life well lived, rather than gained from each individual path that someone has taken at that moment in time. In contrast to Aristotles philosophy of happiness, Epicurus had a different idea. According to Epicurus, happiness was achieved through the simple act of pursuing pleasures and avoiding pain, as well as not fearing for ones life. Of course, he discusses the difference between necessary pleasures and unnecessary pleasures. One necessary pleasure would be to be well fed, while an unnecessary pleasure would be to buy the newest iphone that just came out. He does clarify that happiness cannot so much as be gained by those unnecessary pleasures, as these will only one day fail us or bring us no pleasure anymore, as they are simply material things. Rather, happiness is gained by fulfilling these necessary pleasures by staying well fed, well rested, and maintaining health. Unnecessary pleasures should be avoided, as they will only end with pain. He also describes happiness as not fearing the gods and also not fearing death. Fearing these things will only cause apprehension to Epicurus, which is detrimental to experiencing the pleasures that come with life. He explains that it is easy to come by pursuing the good pleasures once one does not fear the extermination of them. The definition among both philosophers differ in that Aristotle seeks happiness along the way of life, and true happiness is not actually achieved until near the end of ones life. It is the end result that determines happiness, and not the path taken. Meanwhile, Epicurus leans more along the line of happiness being picked up along the way of ones life by maintaining ones health and good-will through taking care of ones body and not being afraid of such conditions being affected. This alone makes them vastly different. However, both seem to agree it is the path that really matters in seeking happiness. Even though Aristotles beliefs place happiness at the end of ones life, it is the journey one takes that determines it. Whether ones life was fulfilled up until that point. In the same way, it is Epicurus that believes that ones life being fulfilled is happiness in itself. While one can be happy at succeeding in life, the small act of seeking those basic pleasures and needs are what makes happiness at a succeeding life. While both definitions of happiness are different, both philosophers seem to believe that ones basic needs must be fulfilled in order to achieve full happiness. Whether happiness is achieved by looking back on ones life and seeing the good the yve done and that which they have succeeded, or the act of fulfilling those needs, both scenarios achieve true happiness in ones life, so long as these needs and pleasures are filled, according to both philosophers theories. While both are qualified theories, I believe the most helpful would be Epicurus. One can still seek happiness before the end of their life and it is displayed throughout the world that so long as ones basic needs are fulfilled, one can remain happy. This is demonstrated by different countries. In third world countries, where technology is not quite as advanced, its people still find happiness by keeping themselves well fed and their bodies being taken care of, whereas those in first world countries can be made depressed by many of the unnecessary pleasures that are widely available and acceptable to most that live there. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Philosophy and Happiness" essay for you Create order

Themes Of Shanghai Girls - 1501 Words

â€Å"See’s emotional themes are powerful...the bonds of sisterhood and the psychological journey of becoming an American† - (The Washington Post) Shanghai Girls is written in the atmosphere of 1937 Shanghai, ‘the Paris of Asia’ . Where the Chinese were influenced by the westernization. The developing Shanghai features the rapidly growing influence of the west over traditional Chinese beliefs. This enlightening story written by Lisa See shows the complex relationship between two sisters, Pearl and May. They go through hardships and suffering in order to leave war torn Shanghai and try to adjust themselves as wives in arranged marriages set by their father who looses†¦show more content†¦It was not the outwardly influences but the racism within the community that has been a powerful symbol in the book. Each character is a victim of xenophobia including the narrator and protagonists, Pearl Chin and May chin the two sisters. The first chapter opens the doorway to Pearl and May’s acquired taste and lives over a conversation during dinner with their parents. However, the atmosphere is quite cringe-worthy, as their father criticizes Pearl for her failing beauty and personality. In her opinion, she is beautiful but for her parents she is like a ‘South China peasant’. Being from bourgeois class they belonged to a prosperous family and as she describes that she lives in an ‘international city’ , they considered themselves ‘modern ‘. She faced criticism of being taller - ‘I’m taller than my father, which he loathes. We live in Shanghai, where the tallest car, the tallest wall, or the tallest building sends a clear and unwavering message that the owner is a person of great importance. I am not a person of importance’ also people called her bookish, because in 1937 it was not considered a ‘good thing ‘. So, we see how Pearl faced criticism for being educated and carefree about herself. It was a fact, that traditional Chinese were more bounded and restricted than the modern girls of Shanghai. So the friction between the old and new is prominent inShow MoreRelatedThe Shanghai Girl ï ¿ ½Ã¯ ¿ ½Ã¯ ¿ ½ Is The Chinese American Writer1401 Words   |  6 Pages《Shanghai Girls》 is the Chinese-American writer, Lisa See published in 2009. In this novel, the theme of the novel is often interpreted as describing her emotions. About her life in China and the United States, with plent y of space describes the life of Chinese immigrants and her mentality, and appearing the homesick theme of the novel. This article focus on China s Shanghai, Angel Island in United States and Los Angeles, those three places for basic point. And show the protagonist pearl and MayRead MoreShanghai Girls - Book Review2407 Words   |  10 PagesSHANGHAI GIRLS, BY LISA SEE BOOK REVIEW I. INTRODUCTION A. 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The Lion King, released in 1994, is the highest grossingRead MoreGender And Roles : A Great Deal About The Immigrant Experience991 Words   |  4 Pageschinese daughters.† This quote sums up the world that May and Pearl live in, that no matter the culture, no matter the time period, and no matter the situation, your gender decides your fate or does it? The theme of gender and how they dictate our roles in society run rampant in Shanghai Girls by Lisa Lee. Lee’s novel covers a great deal about the immigrant experience and the struggles t hey had to go through to adapt to their new environment but one thing they didn t need to adapt was the parts theyRead MoreJoy Luck Club Themes1270 Words   |  6 PagesMany themes within The Joy Luck Club can be related to current events. The theme of â€Å"Sacrificing/Suffering† which is an important theme in the book also relates to what is happening in Venezuela. 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We choose theRead MoreWhat Would Childhood Be Like Without Mickey Mouse And Cinderella?1231 Words   |  5 PagesEvery child in America is familiar with Disney in one way or another because Disney manifests itself in countless different ways that capture the attention of a wide spectrum of audiences. One may be familiar with Disney movies, television shows, theme parks, toys, or numerous other representations. Perhaps the most well known Disney creations are films. Disney began producing movies in the late 1930s and has been unstoppable in the film industry ever since. Some are regarded as classics, such asRead MoreHow Disney Magic And The Corporate Media Shape Youth Identity Essay1733 Words   |  7 Pagesin the theater, radio, music, publishing and online media. The company is best known for the products of its film studio, The Walt Disney Studios is one of the largest and most well-known Hollywood film companies. And it also owns or operates 14 theme parks worldwide. 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Water Imbalance Free Essays

Phu Pham 002815421 Water Imbalance When we talk about water imbalance, it is necessary to first know of water’s tendency to move from high concentration to low concentration. This property of water is influenced by three conditions: isotonic, hypertonic, and hypotonic. Isotonic condition exists when the concentration of the solute is the same as the concentration inside the cell. We will write a custom essay sample on Water Imbalance or any similar topic only for you Order Now Because the concentrations are the same on both sides, there is no movement of water. In hypertonic, however, the concentration of solute is greater on the outside than on the inside, water moves outside of the cell until concentration on both sides reach equilibrium. Because water moves outside, this causes the cell to shrink. In hypotonic solution, the concentration of solute is greater on the inside than on the outside, water is drawn inside the cell to reach equilibrium while busting the cell opened. Inside the human body, there are many solutes that together make up blood and other solution necessary for life such as sodium, calcium, potassium, water†¦ These ions are called electrolytes, a vital key in maintaining the homeostasis. Serious electrolytes usually associated with sodium, potassium, and calcium. Other electrolytes disturbances are less common. A sodium imbalance occurs when there is too little or too much sodium in the bloodstream. Hyponatremia happens when there is too little sodium, and hypernatremia occurs when there is too much sodium. In normal activity, sodium is absorbed by the kidney to regulate water levels in the body. But when there is a water imbalance, such that of too much or too little of water, the body either gets rid of or absorbs too much sodium. Regular symptoms includes: muscle cramps, confusion, restlessness, agitation, tissue swelling, depression, lack of coordination, seizures, and more seriously coma. Hypernatremia, a condition when there is more sodium ions on the outside than the inside of the cells, causes fluid to be pulled from the cells of the brain resulting in cell shrinkage. This is the primary cause of neurological symptoms. Hyponatremia is a condition when there is more sodium ion on the inside than the outside of the cells. Osmotic movement of water into the brain cell may increase the brain size above normal. This can lead to seizures and other severe neurological effects. Therefore, the maintaining of electrolytes is very important in order for the cells to last. Any imbalance in the concentration of water inside the body will directly affect the concentration of solutes (electrolytes) in the blood and cause severe damage. http://rnbob. tripod. com/sodiumimbalance. htm http://www. medscape. com/medline/abstract/15982544? src=emed_ckb_ref_0 How to cite Water Imbalance, Papers

What is art Essay Example For Students

What is art ? Essay Without knowing first what art is, we will not be able to tell what good is art. Having studied several different definitions of art, I am most satisfied with Tolstoys definition of art from his essay What is Art? (pckt pg.21). According to Tolstoy, art is a form of communication, a vehicle which the artist can use to communicate his feelings and emotion; it is a means of intercourse between man and man (pckt pg. 23). Tolstoys definition of art is hardly based on the beauty of the work, rather he focuses on the communicative qualities of the work namely, infectiousness, clarity and sincerity. Thus, any piece of work displaying all the three conditions in any varying degree, is considered a work of art. The quality of a work of art is determined by the degree to which it is sincere, clear and infectious. Using Tolstoys given definition of art my essay attempts to discuss what art is good for, mainly with respect to ethics. We will write a custom essay on What is art ? specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now My stand on art is that it can be both for good and for bad when it comes to the question of ethics. For example, literature as art can act in both ways, which way it goes depends on both the writer and reader. Literature, since its inception has always been a form of communication, and good literature be it the prose of Trollope, poems of Blake, the plays of Shakespeare or even political propaganda has always had the sincerity of its creator. Throughout history, literature has been able to bring a social, or moral message to the people. And good literature has always been infectious, at times even igniting reform and revolution. Without a doubt, literature brings to the reader or audience a circumstance we are unable to experience in real life and thus raise moral or social concerns. From Swifts satirical Gullivers Travels which poked fun at the social mores of his time, to the fiction of Dickens whose plea for reform did not go unheard and pushed a program for reformation into acti on. Yet literature with its power to move masses can also go bad, for instance, the misinterpretation of Marxist theories led to the regime of suffering and terror we know as Communism. Art, as Tolstoy has described, is infectious, sincere and clear, qualities that make it extremely accessible to the masses, and given its infectious nature, art as a form of expression and communication can fuel changes or destroy whole societies. The experience of art is more easily degraded (book pg.199) says Murdoch in her essay The Sovereignty of Good. Murdoch substantiates Tolstoys claim that art is communicative when she describes it as a human product that is easily comprehended or degraded. Murdochs main argument is that moral ethics and virtues are in fact connected to Beauty in Art, or in Nature.(book pg. 198) Her argument is based on two assumptions; namely, that humans are all selfish and that there is no external reason for human life. In view of her assumptions, it follows that whatever makes us less selfish or more objective is virtuous. And beauty be it in Nature or Art, has the ability to make us indulge in self-forgetful pleasure (book pg. 198) thus making us less selfish and more objective. Beauty in Art is more edifying (book pg.199) since it is a human product; and even more so when we are talking about representational art like literature or paintings. (book pg.199) She claims art to be concerned with mor ality, and that it presents to us what we would be too timid or selfish to discover on our own. Good art is a demonstration of the difficulty of being objective and is a place in which the nature of morality can be seen. (book pg.200) In other words, art is where the artist sheds his individualistic veil of perception and creates a work where others can share in his objectivity. This is an act of virtue. In appreciating art, we become less selfish and can see the reality of the world presented. I agree very much that objectivity is introduced to the spectator, and I can think of no more fitting example than when Dickens